Vaud follows Swiss national practice with cantonal adaptations for real estate and private businesses. All values are determined as of 31 décembre of the tax year. Supporting documentation must be retained, even if filing electronically.

1. Real Estate

Real estate located in Vaud is declared at its valeur fiscale (official taxable value). This figure is determined by the cantonal or communal authorities and typically lies between 60–80% of market value.

• Obtain an up-to-date valeur fiscale certificate from the commune or ACI before filing.
• Ownership shares (e.g. 50%) must be stated explicitly.
• Renovations or new constructions may trigger reassessment.
• Properties outside Vaud are declared for allocation but excluded from the Vaud base.

2. Listed Securities & Funds

Quoted shares, bonds, ETFs, and investment funds are valued at their official closing price on 31 December. The Federal Tax Administration (FTA) publishes annual price and yield lists accepted by all cantons.

• Use the official ISIN-based values from the FTA’s Kursliste.
• For funds not listed, use the 31 December net asset value (NAV) confirmed by the custodian.
• Include accrued interest where applicable.

Online brokers’ statements are acceptable if reconciled with the official list.

3. Private Company Shares (Unlisted)

Vaud applies the national méthode du praticien (méthode des praticiens), combining net asset value and capitalised earnings. The Swiss Tax Conference (SSK) updates the formula periodically.

• Formule : (2 × capitalised earnings value + 1 × net asset value) ÷ 3
• Earnings typically capitalised at 7–9%, depending on risk profile and stability.
• Valuation applies at the level of the entire company; per-share value is adjusted for minority holdings or restrictions.

Maintain worksheets with balance sheets, P&L, and valuation parameters. Authorities may request the data when auditing returns.

4. Cryptocurrencies & Digital Assets

Cryptocurrencies are declared at their market value as of 31 December. The FTA publishes annual indicative exchange rates for major coins (BTC, ETH, etc.), which Vaud follows.

• Use the FTA’s published CHF reference price or reliable exchange data if not listed.
• Provide screenshots or custody statements to document holdings.
• Tokenised assets follow the same rule: fair market value in CHF at year-end.

5. Other Movable Assets

• Precious metals: Use official CHF price on 31 December (Swiss Mint or FTA tables).
• Vehicles, boats, art: Declared at market value; depreciation may apply for older items.
• Insurance surrender values: Include as per insurer’s 31 December statement (unless tied to pillar 3a).

6. Foreign Assets & FX Conversion

For residents, all worldwide assets must be converted to CHF using the official FTA exchange rates as of 31 December. Nonresidents report only Swiss-situs wealth but must still apply consistent FX rates for comparability.

• Use FTA’s annual currency table (cours de change).
• Apply the same rate for both assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency.
• Document rate source and date for audit purposes.

7. Documentation & Verification

• Retain all year-end statements (banks, brokers, pension funds, insurers).
• Private company valuations should be signed by preparer or fiduciary.
• Valuation differences from prior years should be explained briefly in remarks if material.
• Authorities may cross-check declared values against FTA or SSK tables.